![]() We also study the finite-size scaling of the dissipated heat, providing evidence for the existence of a first-order phase transition for certain parameter regimes. However, when we consider the total entropy that also includes an informational term related to measurements, the oscillating total entropy change is always positive. For the Ising model, the oscillating dissipated heat can be negative. Of course, the picture of a closed loop is intuitive but naive. We illustrate the second law for feedback driven systems that display oscillations. This is a random laser with coherent feedback 16,17,18. Decision and feedback processing were accompanied by a broadband increase in cross-trial phase coherence at around 220 msec, and dynamic fluctuations in power. This feedback driven system can display subharmonic oscillations similar to the ones observed in time-crystals. We consider oscillations in a more complex system with several degrees of freedom, an Ising model driven by feedback between the magnetization and the external field. For a simple two-state model that displays oscillations, we analyze the relation between precision and dissipation, revealing that oscillations can remain coherent for an indefinite time in a finite system with thermal fluctuations in a limit of diverging thermodynamic cost. In particular, we use the apparatus of stochastic thermodynamics to investigate the role of noise and thermodynamic cost in feedback driven oscillations. We perform a systematic study of oscillations in a third class of nonequilibrium systems: feedback driven systems. Oscillations in autonomous systems and, to a lesser degree, subharmonic oscillations in periodically driven systems have been both thoroughly investigated, including their relation with thermodynamic cost and noise. They can also manifest as subharmonic oscillations in periodically driven systems such as time-crystals. Microstimu-lation in V1 elicited -oscillations in V4, whereas microstimulation in V4 elicited -oscillations in V1, thus providing causal evidence for the opposite propagation of these rhythms. ![]() These oscillations can happen in autonomous biochemical oscillators such as circadian clocks. the feedforward and feedback direction, respectively. Download a PDF of the paper titled Oscillations in feedback driven systems: thermodynamics and noise, by Daniele De Martino and Andre C Barato Download PDF Abstract:Oscillations in nonequilibrium noisy systems are important physical phenomena.
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